中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
高原古城闹社火：击鼓奏乐，且耍且歌****** 中新网西宁1月31日电 题：高原古城闹社火：击鼓奏乐，且耍且歌 作者潘雨洁 来到中国4年多，土库曼斯坦留学生王东第一次觉得春节如此“刺激好玩儿”：在两个师傅搀扶下，他颤颤巍巍站上70厘米的高跷，小心翼翼地向前迈步。“站在上面(高跷)身体很难保持平衡，但感觉非常有意思。”他说。 一旁，18岁的韩启旺脸涂油彩，正麻利地将双脚用红绸绑在2.8米的高跷上。“凌晨两点就起床化妆，”他说。虽同样是“首秀”，他却选了最高的木跷，从小生活在青海省西宁市城中区总寨镇总南村的他信心十足：“社火年年耍，不用专门学。”  图为西宁市城中区总寨镇的高跷表演。 马铭言 摄“他的扮相是‘杨五郎’，”村民介绍：“今天表演的是《杨门虎将》金沙滩赴宴片段。”据了解，当地高跷队扮演的角色众多，既有孙悟空、白素贞等妇孺皆知的民间形象，亦有一身正气的包拯、保家卫国的杨家将、替父从军的花木兰等英雄人物。 连日来，青海省东部多市县正组织大型社火表演。社火源于民间古老的土地神与火神崇拜，最早自汉代传入青海，及至明清时期，随大规模汉人迁移，在该省东部的黄河上游河湟地区，“正月里闹社火”的规模愈发壮大，至今仍是重要年俗之一。  图为留学生王东体验社火表演。 马铭言 摄正午时分击鼓奏乐，西宁市城中区总寨镇的村民们围拢起来，“龙头老大”带领十人统一踩着鼓点，长龙上下翻腾，或仰头直上，或蜷头曲尾。紧接着，耍狮子、踩高跷、老秧歌、藏舞等表演陆续登场，引得观众连连叫好。村墙、台阶上人头攒动，挤在最前面的孩子手里拿着冰糖葫芦和热气腾腾的卤煮，附近临时支起的小吃摊前也排起队。 “过去，村民们跳秧歌时没有现在的绫罗绸缎，就把自己干活时穿的羊皮短袄翻穿，戴着毡帽、拿着小棍敲敲打打。”总南村村民韩国琦已年过花甲，但儿时赶社火的热闹情形依然记忆犹新。 “老人们喜欢的耍狮子、高跷、旱船等，都是来自南方、中原的传统表演，村里的年轻姑娘们则喜欢穿着鲜艳的藏服跳藏舞。”在韩国琦看来，河湟社火在历史演变中，不断融合各民族、各地区的文化。 14岁的韩晓兰从小喜欢耍枪弄剑，今天，她第一次将练习了三年的招式表演给台下的长辈和同学。 “这些年，村里的社火不仅观看人数多，而且家家户户都会参与，演员年龄小至五六岁，大至七十多岁。”在韩国琦看来，村民们对古老传统的热情有增无减，反而更加受到年轻群体的欢迎。 据悉，当地社火一般在正月初六到初八间拉开帷幕，期间，由几百位村民自发组成的社火队，在大街小巷环绕游走，挨家挨户访问民众、送上祝福；同时组织集中表演，白天夜晚击鼓起舞，且耍且歌，直到正月十六晚结束。(完)
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